Journal of Religion and the Contemporary World

Journal of Religion and the Contemporary World

Simple Cognition and Combined Cognition in Khorasan Theological School

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Alireza Behshadfar
Doctor of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
10.22096/rc.2024.2023787.1184
Abstract
In the main reference texts of the Khorasan Theological School, the two words "Simple" and "Combined" along with the word “Cognition” (Ma’refat) - in the form of "Simple Cognition " and "Combined Cognition " - are often used to explain the position and levels of God's Cognition (Ma’refat Allah). In addition, these two words are used along with other cognitive words such as "Knowledge" and "Assent (Tasdiq)”.

The diversity of these two words’ utility in different positions of these texts has caused different interpretations. In this article, we try to explain indications of these terms according their status in the texts.

In this article, in addition to recalling the concepts of rintelect and soul in this school, we will show that the word Cognition is used in a special sense in the literature of the founders of this school, and this utility has no significant history in the books of Islamic intellectual sciences such as, logic, and philosophy. We will also explain what the “levels of Cognition” mean in the two fields of intellect and soul.
Keywords
Cognition (Ma’refat)
Assent (Tasdiq)
Assent without Concept
Combined Cognition
Simple Cognition
Intellect
Soul

Subjects

Bibliography 
Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar. Dictionary. Tehran: University of Tehran, 1998. [In Persian]
Hassanzadeh Amoli, Hassan. Sharhe Farsie al-asfar al-arba’ah. Qom: Bustan Ketab, 2008. [In Persian]
Ibn Babavayh, Mohammad ibn Ali. Oyun Akhbar al-riza. edited by Mahdi Lajevardi. Tehran: Jahan, 1999. [In Arabic]
Ibn shu’bah Harrani, Hassan ibn Ali, Tohafol Oqul. edited by Ali Akbar Ghaffari. Qom: Jame’h Modarresin. 1984. [In Arabic]
Isfahani, Mirza Mahdi, Abvab al-hoda. Qom: Ahlulbayte Teachings Center, 2017. [In Arabic]
Koleini, Mohammad ibn Yaqub. Alkafi. edited by Ali Akbar Ghaffari and mohammad Akhundi. Tehran: dar al-kotob al-islamiah, 1987. [In Arabic]
Majlesi, Mohammad Baqir ibn Mohammad Taqi. Behar al-anvar, edited by group of editors. Vol. 84. [In Arabic]Beirut: Dar Ehya al-torath al-arabi, 1983. [In Arabic]
Muzaffar, Mohammad Reza. Al-falsafaht al-islamiah. Beirut, dar al-safvah, 1994. [In Arabic]
Sabzevari, Hadi ibn Mahdi, Asrar al-hekam fi al-moftatah va al-mokhtatam. Qom: Matbooat Dini, 2004. [In Persian]
Sadr al-din Shirazi, Mohammad ibn Ebrahim, al-hekmat al-mota’aliah fi al-asfar al-aqliah al-arba’ah. Vol. 1. Qom: Maktabah al-mostafavi, 1989. [In Arabic]
Sadr al-din Shirazi, Mohammad ibn Ebrahim. Majmueh Rasaele Falsafie Sadr al-motallehin. edited by Hamed Naji Isfahani. Tehran: Hekmat, 1996. [In Arabic]
Sajjadi, Jafar. Philosophical Glossary of Molla Sadra. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, 2000. [In Persian]
Sharif razi, Mohammad ibn Hossain. Nahj al-balaghah, edited by sobhi saleh. Qom: Hijrat, 1994. [In Arabic]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Al-towhid va al-adl. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1998. [In Arabic]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Maaref Elahieh. Vol. 1. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1989.  [In Persian]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Maaref Elahieh. Vol. 4. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1989. [In Persian]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Taqrirat. Mashhad:  Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1991. [In Arabic]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Taqrirat. Vol. 1. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1983. [In Arabic]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Taqrirat. Vol. 2. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1983. [In Arabic]
Tavallaei, Mahmud. Taqrirat. Vol. 3. Mashhad: Documents Center of Astan Quds Razavi, 1983. [In Arabic]
Send comment about this article
Enter Name.
Enter a valid email address.
Enter a vaid affiliation.
Enter comments (At leaset 10 words)
CAPTCHA Image
Enter Security Code Correctly.
Journal of Religion and the Contemporary World
Volume 10, no.2 - Serial Number 19
October 2023
Pages 163-185